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Both are presumed to have fallen in battle at Haugar against their half-brother Eric Bloodaxe and to have been buried on the same spot. The site had probably been named after two Viking Era mounds, which tradition links to two sons of King Harald I, Olaf Haraldsson Geirstadalf, who was king in Vestfold og Telemark, and his half-brother, Sigrød Haraldsson, king of Trondheim. Haugar became the seat for the Haugating, the Thing for Vestfold and Norway's second most important place for the proclamation of kings. ( Jarlsberg Hovedgård), and on the farm Haugar, (from the Old Norse word haugr meaning hill or burial mound), which can be assumed to have been Tønsberg's birthplace. The king or his ombudsman resided in the old Royal Court at Sæheimr, today the Jarlsberg Manor

The archaeological excavations conducted in 1987–88 underneath the monastery ruins revealed several Viking graves which have served to confirm the earlier age of the original settlement. It was based upon this that the city's 1000 years jubilee was celebrated in 1871, and 1100 years jubilee in 1971. However, if the battle did in fact take place in 871, this would make Tønsberg one of the oldest present Scandinavian cities. What year the battle took place is disputed, however, and most current historians believe the battle took place closer to 900. According to Snorri Sturluson, Tønsberg was founded before the Battle of Hafrsfjord, which, according to Snorri, took place in 871. The first time the town was mentioned by a contemporary writer was in 1130. It was also an ancient capital of Norway. Tønsberg is the oldest city in Norway, founded by Harald Fairhair in the 9th century.

Around the seal are the words (in Latin): This is the seal of Tunsberg. There is also a longship in the water in front of the fortress. The seal shows Tønsberg Fortress surrounded by a ring wall on a mountain with the sea in front. The coat of arms is an old city seal from as far back as 1349. The old spelling has been retained in the name of the diocese, Tunsberg bispedømme. The name originally referred to the fortifications on Slottsfjellet. The last element is berg (n), meaning mountain. The first element is the genitive case of tún ( n), meaning fenced area or garden. The Old Norse form of the name was Túnsberg. Tønsberg is also home of Oseberg Mound, where the 9th-century Oseberg Ship was excavated. An outdoor music festival is held at Tønsberg Fortress every July. It is home to Tønsberg Fortress on Castle Mountain, which includes ruins from Castrum Tunsbergis, Norway's largest castle in the 13th century. The neighboring municipality of Re was merged into Tønsberg on 1 January 2020. The rural municipality of Sem was merged into the municipality of Tønsberg on 1 January 1988. Tønsberg was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt). Tønsberg is generally regarded as the oldest city in Norway, founded in the 9th century. Tønsberg also serves as the seat for the County Governor of Vestfold og Telemark. The municipality has a population of 56,293 and covers an area of 329 square kilometres (127 square miles) in 2020. The city is the most populous metropolis in the district of Vestfold with a population of 52,419 in 2019. The administrative centre of the municipality is the city of Tønsberg. Tønsberg ( listen), historically Tunsberg, is a city and municipality in Vestfold og Telemark county, eastern Norway, located around 102 kilometres (63 miles) south-southwest of Oslo on the western coast of the Oslofjord near its mouth onto the Skagerrak.